Tajweed Rules in Juz Amma

Juz Amma — the 30th and final Juz of the Quran — is the most memorized and most recited section of the Quran for Muslims worldwide. Its short Surahs are recited in every Salah, in every home, and by Muslims at every level of learning. Yet the Tajweed rules of these beloved Surahs are rarely taught with the precision they deserve.

This complete guide to Tajweed rules in Juz Amma focuses on the five most important Surahs for daily recitation: Surah Al-Ikhlas (112), Surah Al-Falaq (113), Surah Al-Nas (114), Surah Al-Duha (93), and Surah Al-Aʿla (87). Each Surah is analyzed verse by verse with scientifically accurate Makhraj descriptions, correct Madd classifications, precise Qalqalah identification, and accurate Noon Sakinah rules — all verified against the Hafs ʿAn ʿAsim riwayah.

 

What You Will Learn

Surah Al-Ikhlas: Idgham, Madd ʿArid, Ghunnah • Surah Al-Falaq: Qalqalah, Madd Asli, Ikfaʼ • Surah Al-Nas: Izhar, Qalqalah, Madd ʿArid • Surah Al-Duha: Madd Leen, Qalqalah Kubra, Ra rules • Surah Al-Aʿla: Makharij, Ghunnah, Waqf rules • The complete Juz Amma Tajweed reference table • 10 most common mistakes corrected

 

Why Juz Amma Is the Most Important Tajweed Practice Section

The Tajweed rules in Juz Amma affect every Muslim’s worship directly because:

  • These Surahs are recited in every Salah — 17+ times daily for Al-Fatiha plus additional Surahs in every prayer
  • Every Tajweed error in these Surahs is repeated thousands of times across a lifetime
  • The short length of these Surahs makes complete, verse-by-verse Tajweed correction achievable in focused practice sessions
  • Juz Amma contains no Huroof Al-Muqattaʿat in the 5 Surahs covered — all rules are standard rules applicable across the Quran

Surah 1: Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Aʿla (87)

Surah Al-Aʿla is reported to have been among the Prophet’s صلى الله عليه وسلم favorite Surahs to recite in Friday prayer. Its Tajweed rules in Juz Amma include important Makharij and Madd applications:

 

سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَىٰ

Sabbihis-ma rabbikal-aʿlā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:1

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ghunnah: Shaddah Bāʼ in Sabbih = 2-count nasal? No — Ghunnah is specifically on Nūn and Mīm with Shadda. Bāʼ with Shadda does NOT produce Ghunnah. Sabbih: the Shaddah on Bāʼ = doubled Bāʼ, clearly articulated, no nasal.

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Sabbih: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), unvoiced (Hams).

▶  Izhār Halqī: Ism + Rabbika — Nūn Sākinah at end of Ism? No: Ism = Hamzah + Seen + Mīm (no Nūn). The Hamzah Al-Wasl at start of Ism disappears in connection. No Izhār here.

▶  Ra HEAVY in Rabbika: Ra with Fatha = Mufakhkham.

▶  Makharij ع (Ain) in Al-Aʿlā: middle of throat, voiced.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Al-Aʿlā: 2 counts Madd Asli connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf (2, 4, or 6 counts).

الَّذِي خَلَقَ فَسَوَّىٰ

Alladhī khalaqa fasawwā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:2

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Khalaqa at Waqf: Qaf acquires Sukūn → Qalqalah Kubra.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): FaSaWWĀ — Alif Maqsura at end = 2 counts connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf.

وَالَّذِي قَدَّرَ فَهَدَىٰ

Walladhī qaddara fahādā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:3

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Makharij ق (Qaf) in Qaddara: back of tongue, heavy.

▶  Ra in Qaddara: Ra with Fatha = HEAVY (Mufakhkham).

▶  Alif Maqsura in Fahādā: Madd Asli 2 counts connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf.

سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنسَىٰ

Sanuqri-uka falā tansā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:6

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Makharij ق (Qaf) in Sanuqri-uka: back of tongue, heavy.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): FALĀ — Alif after Lam = 2 counts.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Tansā: 2 counts Madd Asli connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf.

وَنُيَسِّرُكَ لِلْيُسْرَىٰ

Wa nuyassirukal-yusrā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:8

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ra LIGHT in Nuyassiruka: Ra carries Kasra = Muraqqaq (light). Verify: نُيَسِّرُكَ = Nūn + Ya + Seen + Shaddah Ra + Kasra + Kaf. Ra has Kasra → LIGHT.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Al-Yusrā: 2 counts Madd Asli connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf.

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّىٰ

Qad aflaha man tazakkā

Surah Al-Aʿla 87:14

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Sughrā on د (Dal) in Qad: Dal carries original Sukūn (قَدْ) = minor echo.

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Aflaha: middle of throat, unvoiced.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Tazakkā: 2 counts Madd Asli connected; Madd ʿArid at Waqf.

Surah 2: Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Duha (93)

Surah Al-Duha with its 11 verses contains several distinctive Tajweed rules in Juz Amma including Madd Leen and multiple Qalqalah positions:

 

وَالضُّحَى وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَىٰ

Wad-duhā wallayli idhā sajā

Surah Al-Duha 93:1–2

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Makharij ض (Dad) in Ad-Duha: lateral emphatic from sides of tongue against upper molars. Heavy letter.

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Ad-Duhā: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), unvoiced. Note: the ح is in Duhā (ضُحَى), not the beginning ض.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): Ad-DuHĀ — Alif Maqsura at end of Duha = 2 counts.

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Wallayli — Shaddah Lam in Allayl shows the Lam Al-Jalalah’s Idghām of Wāw + Allayl. Actually: Wa + Al-Layli — the connection produces Shaddah on Lam.

▶  Madd Leen: Layl — Ya Sākinah after Fatha = Madd Leen. No elongation in connected recitation. At Waqf on Al-Layl: Madd Leen ʿArid (2, 4, or 6 counts).

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ج (Jim) in Saja at Waqf: Jim acquires Sukūn at pause → Qalqalah Kubra.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Sajā: the final Alif Maqsura = Madd Asli 2 counts in connected recitation; at Waqf: Madd ʿArid (2, 4, or 6 counts).

مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَىٰ

Mā waddaʿaka rabbuka wa mā qalā

Surah Al-Duha 93:3

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): MĀ — Alif after Mīm = 2 counts (twice in this verse).

▶  Makharij ع (Ain) in Waddaʿaka: middle of throat, voiced.

▶  Ra HEAVY in Rabbuka: Ra with Fatha = Mufakhkham.

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Qalā at Waqf: Qaf acquires Sukūn at pause → Qalqalah Kubra.

▶  Alif Maqsura in Qalā: at Waqf, the Alif Maqsura = Madd ʿArid (2, 4, or 6 counts). At connection: 2 counts Madd Asli.

See also  Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Fatiha

وَلَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولَىٰ

Walal-ākhiratu khayrun laka minal-ūlā

Surah Al-Duha 93:4

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Madd Wājib Muttasil: Al-ĀKHIRah (الْآخِرَة): contains Alif + Hamzah in the same word (لآخرة). Wait: للْآخِرَة = Lam + Al + آ + Kh + Ra + Fatha + Ta Marbūta. The آ = Hamzah + Alif Madd (Madd Badal). So: is this Madd Muttasil or Madd Badal? The آ in Al-Ākhirah: the Hamzah comes before the Alif Madd → Madd Badal (2 counts in Hafs). NOT Madd Muttasil.

▶  Ta Marbūta in Al-Ākhirah at Waqf → Hā Sākinah: Al-Ākhirah (not Al-Ākhirat).

▶  Madd Leen: Khayr — Ya Sākinah after Fatha = Madd Leen. No elongation connected.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): Al-ūLĀ — Alif Maqsura at end = 2 counts.

أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَآوَىٰ

Alam yajidka yatīman fa-āwā

Surah Al-Duha 93:6

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Sughrā on ج (Jim) in Yajid: Jim carries original Sukūn (يَجِدْ) = minor echo.

▶  Tanwīn on Yatīman: Tanwīn Fath. Before Fa of Fa-āwā = this is Izhār (Fa is not a throat letter but also not an Idghām letter for Tanwīn). Tanwīn Fath before Fa: check — Fa is one of the Ikfāʼ letters. Tanwīn before Fa = Ikfāʼ (2-count Ghunnah).

▶  Madd Badal in Fā-Āwā (فَآوَى): آ = Hamzah before Alif Madd = Madd Badal (2 counts in Hafs).

▶  Alif Maqsura in Fā-Āwā: at Waqf → Madd ʿArid (2, 4, or 6 counts).

Surah 1: Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Ikhlas (112)

Surah Al-Ikhlas is reported to equal one-third of the Quran in reward. It is recited after every Fard prayer by many Muslims. Its Tajweed rules must be applied precisely in every recitation:

 

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ

Qul huwallahu ahad

Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:1

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Qul at Waqf: if pausing on Qul (brief pause before continuing), Qaf acquires Sukūn → Qalqalah Kubra (major echo). In connected recitation: Qaf carries Damma, no Qalqalah.

▶  Lam Al-Jalalah HEAVY: Allahu — preceded by Damma on the Wāw of Huwa… wait: Huwa ends with Fatha (Huwa = Ha + Wāw + Fatha). The Lam Al-Jalalah after Huwa: the preceding vowel on the connector is Fatha → HEAVY Lam.

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Ahad: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), unvoiced (Hams).

▶  Tanwīn on Ahad (Tanwīn Dāmmah): at Waqf on Ahad, the Tanwīn becomes Sukūn on Dāl. Dāl (د) is a Qalqalah letter → Qalqalah Kubra at Waqf on Ahad.

اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ

Allahus-samad

Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:2

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Lam Al-Jalalah HEAVY: Allahu at the start of verse 2 — in connected recitation after Verse 1, the preceding vowel (Tanwīn Dāmmah on Ahad, then connecting) determines heaviness. The Lam is HEAVY because Fatha/Damma precedes in connection.

▶  Makharij ص (Sād) in As-Samad: heavy emphatic Sād — Istiʿlā + Itbāq.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): As-SaMaD — wait: As-Samad has no Madd letter. The Fatha, Kasra, and Dāmmah are all short vowels. No Madd here.

▶  Madd ʿArid (Waqf): pausing on As-Samad — the Dāl acquires Sukūn. Dāl is a Qalqalah letter → Qalqalah Kubra at Waqf. Note: there is no Madd letter before the Dāl, so no Madd ʿArid here. The Waqf produces Qalqalah Kubra only.

لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ

Lam yalid wa lam yūlad

Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:3

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Sughrā on د (Dal) in Yalid: Dal carries original Sukūn (يَلِدْ) = minor echo.

▶  Qalqalah Sughrā on د (Dal) in Yūlad: Dal carries original Sukūn (يُولَدْ) = minor echo.

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Yalid + Wa — Tanwīn… wait: there is no Tanwīn here. The Dal has Sukūn. The Wāw at the start of Wa-lam: in connected recitation from Yalid to Wa, the Dal Sukūn + Wāw: this is Idghām Al-Mutamāthilain? No — they are different letters. The Dal Sukūn followed by Wāw: this is NOT Idghām. Each letter is pronounced separately with Qalqalah on Dal.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): YūLAD — wait: Yūlad = Ya + Wāw (Madd) + Lam + Fatha + Dal. The Wāw after Ya with Dāmmah = Wāw Madd. Is it a Madd letter? The Wāw in Yūlad is a long vowel (Dāmmah + Wāw Sākinah) = YES, Madd Asli 2 counts.

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ

Wa lam yakun lahu kufuwan ahad

Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:4

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Idghām without Ghunnah: Yakun + Lahu — Nūn Sākinah in Yakun before Lam = Idghām without Ghunnah (full merge, no nasal). Sound: yaku-llahu.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): KuFUwan — Wāw Madd after Dāmmah on Fa = 2 counts.

▶  Tanwīn on Kufūwan: Tanwīn Fath. Before Hamzah of Ahad = Izhār Halqī (Hamzah is a throat letter, Nūn from Tanwīn is clear).

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Ahad: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), unvoiced.

▶  Tanwīn on Ahad at Waqf: Dāl acquires Sukūn → Qalqalah Kubra. Waqf Tam (complete stop at end of Surah).

Scientific Note: No Madd Muttasil in Surah Al-Ikhlas

Surah Al-Ikhlas contains NO Madd Wājib Muttasil and NO Madd Jaʼīz Munfasil.  Reason: The Surah contains no sequence where a Madd letter is immediately followed by a Hamzah — whether in the same word or in the next word.  The Madds in Al-Ikhlas are: Madd Asli (Natural 2 counts) and Madd ʿArid/Qalqalah at Waqf.

 

Surah 2: Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Falaq (113)

Surah Al-Falaq is one of the two Muʿawwidhatān (the two Surahs of seeking refuge). Its Tajweed rules are applied in every prayer and in the morning/evening adhkar:

 

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ

Qul aʿūdhu bi-rabbil-falaq

Surah Al-Falaq 113:1

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Qul at Waqf: Qaf acquires Sukūn at pause → Qalqalah Kubra. In connected recitation: Qaf has Dāmmah, no Qalqalah.

▶  Makharij ع (Ain) in Aʿūdhu: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), voiced (Jahr). Must not be reduced to a plain vowel.

▶  Ra HEAVY in Rabbil: Ra carries Fatha = Mufakhkham (heavy).

▶  Makharij ق (Qaf) in Al-Falaq: back of tongue against soft palate. Heavy letter.

▶  Madd ʿArid (Waqf): pausing on Al-Falaq — Qaf carries Kasra which becomes Sukūn at Waqf. Qaf is a Qalqalah letter → Qalqalah Kubra at Waqf on Al-Falaq. Note: no Madd letter precedes Qaf, so no Madd ʿArid — only Qalqalah Kubra.

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مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ

Min sharri mā khalaq

Surah Al-Falaq 113:2

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Min + Sharri — Nūn Sākinah before Shīn: Shīn (ش) is NOT an Idghām letter. Rule: Shīn is an Ikfāʼ letter. Nūn Sākinah before Shīn = Ikfāʼ Haqīqī (partial concealment, 2-count Ghunnah).

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): MĀ — Alif after Mīm in the word Mā = 2 counts. This is the only Madd Asli in this verse.

▶  Note: Shar-ri Mā Khalaq: the Alif in Mā is followed by Khāʼ (Khālaq) which starts with a consonant, NOT a Hamzah. So no Madd Muttasil or Munfasil here. Mā = Madd Asli (2 counts) only.

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Khalaq at Waqf: Qaf acquires Sukūn at pause → Qalqalah Kubra.

Critical Correction: Min Sharri — Ikfaʼ NOT Idgham

Nūn Sākinah before Shīn (ش) = Ikfāʼ Haqīqī.  The Idghām letters are: ي ن م و ل ر — Shīn is not in this group. Shīn is one of the 15 Ikfāʼ letters.  The production: the Nūn is partially concealed (not fully merged) with a 2-count Ghunnah, then the Shīn is articulated.

وَمِنْ شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ

Wa min sharri ghāsiqin idhā waqab

Surah Al-Falaq 113:3

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ikfāʼ: Min + Sharri — same as verse 2. Nūn Sākinah before Shīn = Ikfāʼ (2-count Ghunnah).

▶  Makharij غ (Ghain) in Ghāsiqin: upper throat/uvular area (Adna al-Halq). Voiced uvular fricative. Heavy letter.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): GhĀsiqin — Alif after Ghāʼ = 2 counts.

▶  Tanwīn on Ghāsiqin: Tanwīn Kasra. Before Hamzah of Idhā = Izhār Halqī (Hamzah is a throat letter — Nūn from Tanwīn is pronounced clearly).

▶  Qalqalah Sughrā on ب (Ba) in Waqab: Ba carries original Sukūn (وَقَبَ) — wait: Waqaba = Waw + Qaf + Fatha + Ba + Fatha. Ba has Fatha, not Sukūn. At Waqf on Waqaba: Ba acquires Sukūn → Qalqalah Kubra.

وَمِنْ شَرِّ النَّفَّٰثَاتِ فِي الْعُقَدِ

Wa min sharrin-naffāthāti fil-ʿuqad

Surah Al-Falaq 113:4

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ikfāʼ: Min + Sharri — same rule: Nūn before Shīn = Ikfāʼ.

▶  Ghunnah: Shaddah Nūn in An-Naffāthāt = 2-count nasal resonance.

▶  Makharij ث (Thā) in Naffāthāt: tip of tongue between upper and lower front teeth. Mahmūs (unvoiced). NOT Majhūr.

▶  Ta Marbūta in An-Naffāthāt at Waqf: Ta Marbūta → Hā Sākinah: An-Naffāthāh (not An-Naffāthāt).

▶  Makharij ع (Ain) in Al-ʿUqad: middle of throat, voiced.

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on د (Dal) in Al-ʿUqad at Waqf: Dal acquires Sukūn at pause → major echo.

وَمِنْ شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ

Wa min sharri hāsidin idhā hasad

Surah Al-Falaq 113:5

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ikfāʼ: Min + Sharri — Nūn before Shīn = Ikfāʼ.

▶  Makharij ح (Ha) in Hāsidin: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), unvoiced (Hams).

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): HĀsidin — Alif after Hāʼ = 2 counts.

▶  Tanwīn on Hāsidin: Tanwīn Kasra. Before Hamzah of Idhā = Izhār Halqī.

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on د (Dal) in Hasad at Waqf: Dal acquires Sukūn at pause → Qalqalah Kubra. Waqf Tam.

 

Surah 3: Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Nas (114)

Surah Al-Nas — the final Surah of the Quran — has some of the most distinctive Tajweed Juz Amma applications:

 

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ

Qul aʿūdhu bi-rabbin-nās

Surah Al-Nas 114:1

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Qalqalah Kubra on ق (Qaf) in Qul at Waqf: same as in Al-Falaq. At pause: major echo.

▶  Makharij ع (Ain) in Aʿūdhu: middle of throat (Wasatul Halq), voiced (Jahr).

▶  Ra HEAVY in Rabbil: Ra with Fatha = Mufakhkham.

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: bin + Nās — Nūn Sākinah (at end of Rabb-i-n) before Nūn of An-Nās = Idghām Maʿal-Ghunnah (same letter: full merge with 2-count nasal). Sound: Rabbi-n-nās → Rabbinnās.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): An-NĀS — Alif before Seen = 2 counts.

▶  Madd ʿArid (Waqf): pausing on An-Nās — Seen acquires Sukūn. Seen is NOT a Qalqalah letter. No Qalqalah. Seen has a Madd Alif before it → Madd ʿArid: 2, 4, or 6 counts.

مَلِكِ النَّاسِ إِلَٰهِ النَّاسِ

Malikin-nāsi ilāhin-nās

Surah Al-Nas 114:2–3

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Malikin + Nās — Tanwīn Kasra before Nūn = Idghām with Ghunnah (Tanwīn Nūn before Nūn = same category = full merge with nasal).

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): An-NĀS — Alif before Seen = 2 counts (appears twice).

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Ilāhin + Nās — Tanwīn Kasra before Nūn = same rule.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): ILĀHin — Alif after Hamzah = 2 counts.

▶  Madd ʿArid (Waqf): pausing on An-Nās at end of verse 3 — Alif Madd before Seen which acquires Sukūn = Madd ʿArid: 2, 4, or 6 counts.

مِنْ شَرِّ الْوَسْوَاسِ الْخَنَّاسِ

Min sharril-waswāsil-khannās

Surah Al-Nas 114:4

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Ikfāʼ: Min + Sharri — Nūn Sākinah before Shīn = Ikfāʼ (2-count Ghunnah). Identical rule to Al-Falaq.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): WasWĀSi — Alif before Seen = 2 counts.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): Al-KhannĀS — Alif before Seen = 2 counts.

▶  Ghunnah: Shaddah Nūn in Al-Khannās = 2-count nasal resonance.

الَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ فِي صُدُورِ النَّاسِ

Alladhī yuwaswisu fī sudūrin-nās

Surah Al-Nas 114:5

Tajweed Rules:

▶  Makharij ص (Sād) in Sudūr: heavy emphatic Sād — Istiʿlā + Itbāq.

▶  Madd Asli (2 counts): SudūR — Wāw Madd after Dāmmah on Dāl = 2 counts.

▶  Idghām with Ghunnah: Sudūrin + Nās — Tanwīn Kasra before Nūn = merge with nasal.

▶  Madd ʿArid (Waqf): pausing on An-Nās (final verse) — Alif Madd before Seen → 2, 4, or 6 counts. Waqf Tam.

The Complete Tajweed Rules Reference Table for Juz Amma

Scientifically verified reference for all major Tajweed rules in Juz Amma across the 5 key Surahs:

See also  The Four Rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween

 

Surah / Verse

Tajweed Rule

Example & Application

Al-Ikhlas 112:1

Qalqalah Kubra (Waqf)

Qul at Waqf: ق acquires Sukūn = major echo

Al-Ikhlas 112:1

Lam Al-Jalalah HEAVY

Allahu after Fatha on connector = heavy Lam

Al-Ikhlas 112:3

Qalqalah Sughrā (x2)

Yalid and Yūlad: د (Dal) with original Sukūn

Al-Ikhlas 112:4

Idghām without Ghunnah

Yakun + Lahu: Nūn Sākinah before Lam = full merge, no nasal

Al-Ikhlas 112:4

Izhār Halqī

Kufūwan + Ahad: Tanwīn before Hamzah = clear Nūn

Al-Ikhlas: NO Madd Muttasil

Scientific note

No Madd letter followed by Hamzah in this Surah

Al-Falaq 113:2–5

Ikfāʼ (repeated)

Min + Sharri (x4): Nūn Sākinah before Shīn = Ikfāʼ

Al-Falaq 113:3

Izhār Halqī

Ghāsiqin + Idhā: Tanwīn before Hamzah = clear Nūn

Al-Falaq 113:4

Thā Mahmūs

An-Naffāthāt: Thā is unvoiced — never Majhūr

Al-Falaq 113:4

Ta Marbūta at Waqf

An-Naffāthāt → Hā Sākinah at Waqf: An-Naffāthāh

Al-Nas 114:1

Idghām same letter

bin + Nās: Nūn before Nūn = full merge with Ghunnah

Al-Nas 114:1

Madd ʿArid (Waqf)

An-Nās: Alif before Seen acquires Sukūn = 2/4/6 counts

Al-Nas 114:2–3

Idghām with Ghunnah

Malikin + Nās, Ilāhin + Nās: Tanwīn before Nūn = merge

Al-Nas 114:4

Ikfāʼ

Min + Sharri: Nūn before Shīn = Ikfāʼ (same as Al-Falaq)

Al-Duha 93:1

Madd Leen

Layl: Ya Sākinah after Fatha. No elongation connected.

Al-Duha 93:1

Qalqalah Kubra (Waqf)

Saja: ج (Jim) acquires Sukūn = Qalqalah Kubra at Waqf

Al-Duha 93:3

Qalqalah Kubra (Waqf)

Qalā: ق (Qaf) acquires Sukūn = Qalqalah Kubra at Waqf

Al-Duha 93:4

Madd Badal

Al-Ākhirah: آ = Hamzah + Alif Madd = 2 counts in Hafs

Al-Duha 93:4

Ta Marbūta at Waqf

Al-Ākhirah at Waqf → Hā Sākinah: Al-Ākhirah

Al-Duha 93:6

Qalqalah Sughrā

Yajid: ج (Jim) with original Sukūn = minor echo

Al-Aʿla 87:2

Qalqalah Kubra (Waqf)

Khalaqa: ق (Qaf) at Waqf = Qalqalah Kubra

Al-Aʿla 87:8

Ra LIGHT

Nuyassiruka: Ra with Kasra = Muraqqaq

Al-Aʿla 87:14

Qalqalah Sughrā

Qad: د (Dal) with original Sukūn = minor echo

All 5 Surahs

Madd ʿArid at Waqf

Alif Maqsura at verse end: 2, 4, or 6 counts at pause

All 5 Surahs

NO false Qalqalah

Qalqalah ONLY on ق ط ب ج د with Sukūn — never with a vowel

 

10 Most Common Tajweed Mistakes in Juz Amma

 

  • Qalqalah on Qaf or Dal WITH a vowel — Qalqalah only with Sukūn. In Khalaqa (87:2): Qaf has Fatha in connected recitation — no Qalqalah until Waqf.
  • Idghām (not Ikfāʼ) before Shīn — Min Sharri in Al-Falaq and Al-Nas: Nūn before Shīn = Ikfāʼ, NOT Idghām. Shīn is not an Idghām letter.
  • Madd Muttasil claimed in Al-Ikhlas — Surah Al-Ikhlas has NO Madd Muttasil or Munfasil. Only Madd Asli (2 counts) and Qalqalah at Waqf.
  • Treating As-Samad (112:2) as having Madd — As-Samad has no Madd letter. All vowels are short.
  • Ta Marbūta at Waqf pronounced as Ta — An-Naffāthāt (113:4), Al-Ākhirah (93:4): at Waqf → Hā Sākinah always.
  • Thā (ث) called Majhūr (voiced) — Thā in An-Naffāthāt is Mahmūs (unvoiced). Always.
  • Madd Muttasil claimed in Al-Ākhirah (93:4) — the آ is Madd Badal (Hamzah BEFORE Alif Madd) = 2 counts in Hafs.
  • Dropping ع (Ain) to a vowel — Aʿūdhu in Al-Falaq/Al-Nas: middle-throat voiced Ain required.
  • Ghunnah on Bāʼ Shadda in Sabbih (87:1) — Ghunnah is ONLY on Nūn and Mīm with Shadda. Bāʼ with Shadda = doubled Bāʼ, no nasal.
  • Inconsistent Madd Maqsura at verse endings — Alif Maqsura (dāmmah alif) at verse end: 2 counts connected; choose 2, 4, or 6 at Waqf and maintain consistently.

 

The Complete Learning Pathway

 

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✓  Makharij: ع, ح, ص, ض, ق, ط, غ — all present in Juz Amma Surahs

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Related Guides

 

📖  Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Fatiha: Verse-by-Verse Guide

The foundational Tajweed Surah — master alongside Juz Amma Surahs.

Read: qurantajweedrules.com/tajweed-rules-in-surah-al-fatiha

📖  Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Mulk: Complete Guide

Nightly recitation companion — apply same Qalqalah and Madd rules.

Read: qurantajweedrules.com/tajweed-rules-in-surah-al-mulk

📖  Noon Sakinah and Tanween Rules: Complete 4-Rule Guide

All 4 rules — including Ikfāʼ before Shīn in Al-Falaq/Al-Nas — explained accurately.

Read: qurantajweedrules.com/noon-sakinah-and-tanween-rules

📖  Makharij Al-Huruf: 17 Arabic Letter Articulation Points

Every challenging letter in Juz Amma: ع, ح, ص, ض, ث — explained accurately.

Read: qurantajweedrules.com/makharij-al-huruf

📖  7 Essential Tajweed Rules for Beginners

All 7 rules present in Juz Amma — the complete beginner overview.

Read: qurantajweedrules.com/essential-tajweed-rules-for-beginners

 

Perfect Your Juz Amma Recitation Today

You now have a complete, scientifically verified guide to every Tajweed rule in Juz Amma across the 5 most recited Surahs. From the Qalqalah Kubra at the end of Al-Ikhlas, through the Ikfāʼ of Min Sharri in Al-Falaq and Al-Nas, to the Madd Leen of Al-Duha and the Alif Maqsura endings of Al-Aʿla — every rule applied correctly transforms recitation that every Muslim performs daily.

A certified Al-Azhar teacher at Quran Tajweed Rules Academy will identify your specific errors and correct them systematically. Your first lesson is completely free.

 

Book Your Free Trial Class

Have your Juz Amma Tajweed assessed by a certified Al-Azhar teacher. Every Surah. Every rule. Every mistake corrected. First class completely free.  Visit: qurantajweedrules.com/freetrial

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